A typical water heater installation involves several key steps that take 2-3 hours. This includes removing your old unit (45-60 minutes), positioning the new water heater (about 30 minutes), and completing all necessary connections and testing.
Before the installation begins, a technician will assess your space to ensure the new unit fits properly. They'll then proceed with safely disconnecting the power source (either electric or gas), shutting off the water supply, and draining the old tank before removal.
After positioning your new water heater, the technician will connect water lines, power sources, and, in some cases, venting systems. They'll fill the tank, check for leaks, and ensure everything works correctly before leaving. Understanding these steps helps you know what to expect when the professionals arrive at your home.
Understanding Water Heater Types and Requirements
Before installation begins, it's essential to understand the different types of water heaters available and what your home requires. The right choice depends on your energy source, plumbing setup, and available space.
Comparing Electric and Gas Water Heaters
Electric water heaters are generally easier to install since they don't require gas lines or venting. They work well in homes without natural gas access and typically have lower upfront costs. However, they often cost more to operate over time.
Gas water heaters heat water faster and usually have lower monthly operating costs. They're ideal for larger households with high hot water demands. However, they require proper venting and gas line connections, which can increase installation complexity.
When choosing between types, we consider your:
- Energy costs in your area
- Hot water usage patterns
- Existing utility connections
- Environmental preferences
Evaluating Your Plumbing System
Your current plumbing setup plays a crucial role in water heater installation, and technicians will examine your water lines, drain locations, and pressure levels before installation begins. Most homes need 3/4-inch water supply lines for proper water heater performance. Inadequate pipe sizing can restrict flow and reduce efficiency, so your existing valves and connections will be checked to ensure they're compatible with your new system.
Water pressure is important, and if your home has high pressure (above 80 psi), the installers might recommend a pressure-reducing valve to protect your new heater and other appliances. For older homes, they suggest updating copper or PEX piping near the water heater to meet current building codes and enhance safety.
Assessing Space and Expansion Tank Needs
The physical dimensions of your new water heater must fit your available space, and clearances will be measured for safe operation and maintenance access before installation.
For tight spaces, installers might recommend:
- Compact models
- Tankless options
- Different placement configurations
Many building codes now require expansion tanks with new water heater installations. These tanks prevent pressure buildup in closed plumbing systems. Without them, excess pressure can damage your water heater or plumbing. Expansion tanks typically mount near the water heater on the cold water supply line. Their size depends on your water heater capacity and home water pressure. For a 50-gallon tank, you'll usually need a 2-gallon expansion tank.
Preparing for Water Heater Installation
Proper preparation before your water heater installation ensures a smooth process and helps prevent complications. Taking a few key steps beforehand can save time and reduce stress during the installation.
Water Heater Removal
Before installing a new water heater, the old unit must be removed safely. Turn off the power supply to the water heater at your circuit breaker if it's electric or shut off the gas valve for gas models. Next, close the cold water supply valve to stop water flow to the tank.
Drain the existing water heater completely using the drain valve, which is typically located near the bottom of the tank. Connect a garden hose to the valve and run it to a floor drain or outside. This process may take 30-45 minutes, depending on the tank size.
After draining, disconnect water lines and gas or electrical connections, and have towels and buckets ready to catch any residual water that may spill during disconnection.
Installation Space Preparation
Clean the installation area thoroughly once the old unit is removed, checking the floor for any damage or weakness that could affect the new installation. The space should be clear of clutter and have adequate ventilation. Then, measure the dimensions needed for your new water heater, ensuring sufficient clearance around the unit according to manufacturer specifications - typically 18 inches on all sides for gas models.
Consider installing a water heater pan under the new unit, especially in areas where leaks could cause significant damage. The pan should connect to a suitable drain. Also, make sure water lines and gas lines (if applicable) are in good condition, replacing any corroded or damaged connections before the new installation begins.
The Installation Process
The water heater installation process follows a structured sequence of steps that ensures your new unit functions properly and safely. Professional technicians typically complete the installation in 2-3 hours, depending on the complexity of your setup.
Connecting Water Lines
The first major task is connecting the water lines, and the installers will begin by shutting off the main water supply to prevent any leaks or water damage during installation.
Next, they’ll connect the cold water inlet pipe to the designated "cold" port on your new water heater. This pipe supplies fresh water to be heated. The hot water outlet pipe is then connected to the "hot" port, which will deliver heated water throughout your home. Both connections use flexible connectors that absorb expansion and contraction from temperature changes. These connectors also make future maintenance easier.
Securing the Water Heater Unit
Properly securing your water heater is crucial for safety and efficiency, and it will be placed on a level surface, usually on concrete blocks or a platform, to prevent water damage if flooding occurs. For areas prone to earthquakes, metal straps will anchor the water heater to nearby wall studs. This prevents tipping during seismic events. The straps are typically placed at the top and bottom thirds of the tank.
For gas water heaters, technicians will ensure proper clearance around the unit according to manufacturer specifications and local building codes. Electric water heaters require less clearance but still need adequate space for maintenance access.
Finalizing Gas or Electrical Connections
For gas water heaters, the installation team will connect the gas supply line using appropriate materials like black iron pipe or approved flexible connectors. A pipe joint compound will be applied to all threaded connections to prevent gas leaks. The gas control valve is carefully installed and calibrated, and the venting system will then be connected to direct combustion gases safely outside your home. This includes checking for proper vent size and slope.
For electric water heaters, technicians will connect the appropriate gauge electrical wiring to the heating elements. This involves connecting the wires to the thermostat and elements according to the manufacturer's wiring diagram. A dedicated circuit breaker will be installed if one doesn't already exist. All electrical connections are then secured with appropriate wire nuts and electrical tape for safety.
Testing the Hot Water Heater
After installation, thorough testing is essential, and the tank will be filled before turning on the power or gas to prevent damage to the heating elements or the tank itself. All connections will be inspected for leaks by examining pipes and fittings while water flows through the system. For gas heaters, a leak-detection solution will be used on connections.
Gas water heaters will also be checked for proper burner operation, and the flame will be inspected for quality. The thermostat is set to your preferred temperature (typically 120°F for energy efficiency and scald prevention). Finally, the team will verify that hot water is reaching all fixtures in your home. This includes checking water temperature and pressure at various outlets.
Post-Installation Considerations
After your new water heater is installed, there are important steps to take to ensure it functions properly and lasts as long as possible. Taking the time to understand your warranty coverage and following a regular maintenance schedule can save you money and prevent future problems.
Understanding Your Warranty
Most water heaters come with manufacturer warranties ranging from 6 to 12 years, so read through your warranty documentation carefully as soon as installation is complete. The warranty typically covers the tank and parts, but labor for repairs may not be included after the initial installation period. Keep your receipt and warranty information in a safe place.
Many manufacturers require proof of professional installation to honor warranty claims, and some warranties become void if the water heater isn't maintained properly. Register your warranty online or by mail within 30 days of installation. This ensures you're in the system if you need to make a claim later. Extended warranties are sometimes available for an additional cost and may be worth considering for premium models.
Maintenance Tips
Regular maintenance extends your water heater's lifespan and maintains its efficiency, and we suggest flushing your water heater annually to remove sediment buildup. This simple step prevents corrosion and heating inefficiency.
Check the pressure relief valve every 6 months by lifting and releasing the lever. Water should flow freely and stop when the lever is released. If it doesn't work properly, call a professional immediately. Inspect for leaks and corrosion monthly, looking at connections, the temperature and pressure relief valve, and the area around the base of the tank.
For gas water heaters, ensure the pilot light burns blue, not yellow or orange, while electric models should have their heating elements checked every 2 years. Consider setting your temperature between 120-125°F to prevent scalding while still killing bacteria. This also reduces energy costs and extends equipment life.
Get in touch to discuss installing a new water heater in your home and the removal of the old one.
